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arXiv · 2610.07134

All-Orders Classical Soft Graviton Theorems in the Newtonian Limit and Beyond

Debanjan Karan·Babli Khatun·Raghu Mahajan·Biswajit Sahoo·Ashoke Sen
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Abstract

The classical soft graviton theorem aims to determine certain terms in the early- and late-time tails of the gravitational waveform produced in a scattering process, using only the asymptotic momenta of the scattered objects. In this paper we find an infinite series of leading-logarithmic tail terms in the Newtonian limit, where the incoming and outgoing particles move slowly, but the scattering itself can be violent. The all-orders conjecture of Alessio, Di Vecchia and Heissenberg agrees with our results for two-particle scattering, but does not hold in general when the initial or final state contains three or more particles. We also propose an all-orders conjecture for these tails beyond the Newtonian limit, but do not prove it. Nevertheless, the conjecture passes several nontrivial consistency checks.

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Debanjan Karan, Babli Khatun, Raghu Mahajan, Biswajit Sahoo, Ashoke Sen. 2026-10-05. All-Orders Classical Soft Graviton Theorems in the Newtonian Limit and Beyond. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07134

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