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arXiv · 2610.08461

Joint EM-BB Beamforming Design for ISAC Systems With Reconfigurable Antenna Arrays

Jvxiang Hu·Mengzhen Liu·Rang Liu·Qian Liu·Ming Li
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Abstract

This paper investigates the joint electromagnetic (EM)-domain and baseband (BB)-domain beamforming for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems enabled by pattern- and polarization-reconfigurable pixel-antenna arrays. A multiport-network-based antenna model is developed to map each binary switch configuration to its radiation response using the impedance and open-circuit radiation data extracted from Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite simulations. Based on this model, polarization-aware virtual channels are constructed for downlink communication and statistical target sensing, leading to a mixed-integer nonconvex problem that maximizes the average sensing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) subject to user signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and transmit-power constraints. To handle the coupled binary and continuous variables, we propose an alternating optimization algorithm, in which the EM-domain switch-state matrices are updated using successive exhaustive Boolean optimization (SEBO), the BB-domain precoder is optimized via a minorization-maximization (MM) and second-order cone programming (SOCP) procedure, and the sensing combiner is obtained from a Rayleigh-quotient update. Simulation results show that the proposed design achieves higher sensing SNR and stronger target-angle robustness than the fixed-patch benchmark.

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Jvxiang Hu, Mengzhen Liu, Rang Liu, Qian Liu, Ming Li. 2026-10-06. Joint EM-BB Beamforming Design for ISAC Systems With Reconfigurable Antenna Arrays. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.08461

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