Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv · 2610.09435

Compact Fully Integrated Alignment-Free and Linearly Polarized Ho$^{3+}$ Single-Frequency Waveguide Laser

Abstract

We report, for the first time, a fully integrated Ho$^{3+}$-doped fluoride glass waveguide laser incorporating a femtosecond laser-inscribed waveguide and waveguide Bragg grating. The compact 12.4 mm cavity achieves stable single-frequency lasing at 2062.21 nm with a line width of better than 5 MHz. The laser emits linearly polarized light, which is efficiently delivered through an SM1950 single-mode fiber. This alignment-free architecture provides a compact and robust platform for integrated mid-infrared single-frequency laser sources.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Jeswin Jacob, T Toney Fernandez, Dale Otten, Ori Henderson-Sapir, 3 Karen Privat, David Lancaster. 2026-10-07. Compact Fully Integrated Alignment-Free and Linearly Polarized Ho$^{3+}$ Single-Frequency Waveguide Laser. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.09435

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Paraxial diffusion-field retrieval. II. Fokker-Planck generalization of the transport-of-intensity equation

The transport-of-intensity equation (TIE), namely the continuity equation associated with a coherent paraxial optical wavefield, is widely used for phase retrieval. It is a second-order partial differential equation which may be solved for the phase of a coherent paraxial field such as a monochromatic scalar optical beam, given the intensity and longitudinal intensity derivative in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis. We show how the coherent flow associated with the TIE may be augmented by a diffusive flow associated with a scalar or tensor diffusion field. Such diffusive flow can arise via scattering from unresolved spatially random microstructure in an illuminated sample, blurring effects of an extended chaotic source that illuminates the sample, the resolution-reducing effect of shot noise in detected intensity images of the sample, and the sharpening effect (negative diffusion) associated with scattering from sharp sample edges. Augmenting the TIE's modeling of coherent flow with a diffuse-flow channel leads to a Fokker-Planck extension to this equation. Two different augmentations are obtained, using several complementary derivations. The inverse problems of phase retrieval and diffusion-field retrieval are then considered, for defocus-based imaging and mask-based imaging. When symmetric overfocus and underfocus images are used for phase retrieval, the diffusive term drops out and our Fokker-Planck formalism implies that any ensuing TIE-based phase-retrieval method needs no modification in light of our formalism. However, the same focal-series dataset---typically an infocus image, a weakly overfocused image, and a weakly underfocused image---may also be employed to access the additional channel of information associated with the Fokker-Planck diffusion field. Our formalism is applicable to visible light, x-ray, electron, and neutron imaging.

physics.optics↗

Generation of Stable Peak-Power Similaritons through Gain-Managed Nonlinearity

Fiber lasers and amplifiers offer attractive alternatives to conventional solid-state systems. However, generation of high-energy ultrashort laser pulses in fibers faces challenges due to the complex interplay of multiple nonlinear effects arising due to pulse confinement within a small fiber core and also limitations imposed by the gain bandwidth of the available active fibers. The discovery of self-similar amplification and gain-managed nonlinear amplification (GMNA) pulse propagation regimes in fibers with normal dispersion suggests that these challenges can be turned into an advantage. Here we show that pulses generated in the GMNA regime are, in fact, the realization of the idealized similariton-type pulses in realistic fibers with limited gain bandwidth. Our analytical and numerical results show how one should shape the fiber gain as a function of propagation length to achieve constant peak power similariton-like pulses with steadily increasing energy, the pulse bandwidth exceeding the gain bandwidth, and the nearly linear frequency chirp allowing for efficient pulse compression to its Fourier limit. Absent Raman nonlinearities, these pulses can reach $μ$J level energies in standard single-mode fibers, representing a tenfold increase in pulse energy compared to the best currently available nonlinear amplifiers. Our results have significant implications for the fundamental understanding of nonlinear wave dynamics and for the advancement of fiber laser technology, supporting the reliable generation of high-energy pulses for practical use in areas such as micromachining, metrology, and bioimaging.

physics.optics↗

Optical Signals Synthesized from an Optical Lattice Clock with Uncertainty of 1.3E-17

We report an accurate optical frequency synthesizer, which can generate single-frequency laser light with high frequency stability and accuracy at desired frequencies over a wide optical region. The frequency of the output signal is divided from an 171Yb optical lattice clock via an accurate optical frequency divider based on an optical frequency comb. Therefore, the output of the optical frequency synthesizer inherits the frequency accuracy from the Yb optical clock. The frequency uncertainty of the 171Yb optical lattice clock is evaluated to be 6.8 mHz, corresponding to a fractional frequency uncertainty of 1.3E-17, mainly limited by the blackbody radiation shift and the lattice-induced light shift.

physics.optics↗