PCDT: A Predictive Cognitive Digital Twin Framework for Intelligent and Autonomous 6G Network Ecosystems

Abstract

Future 6G networks are expected to operate as intelligent and autonomous ecosystems where monitoring, prediction, and control are integrated into continuous self-optimization loops. However, many digital-twin-based network management approaches still act mainly as synchronized replicas of the network. They observe the state, report degradation, and trigger corrective action only after performance risk has appeared. This leaves a gap between the vision of a cognitive digital twin (CDT) and the behavior of conventional reactive control loops. In this paper, we propose a Predictive Cognitive Digital Twin (PCDT) framework that closes the loop from observation to predictive cognition to proactive resource control. PCDT maintains a persistent traffic world model, forecasts near-future load, and allocates capacity for the predicted horizon peak before a Service Level Agreement (SLA) violation occurs. Evaluated on a real-world traffic trace, PCDT achieves the lowest allocation error among all benchmarked baseline frameworks, reducing MAE by 43% and RMSE by 32% relative to the best baseline (reactive control). Relative to the threshold heuristic, the only baseline with zero violations, PCDT reduces mean allocated capacity by 50%, reconfiguration churn by 56%, and total operating cost by 50%, indicating substantially more efficient performance. These results show the proposed framework advances the digital twin (DT) operation mechanism from a passive representation towards a cognitive, proactive control, and "intent-aware" mechanism aligned with autonomous 6G network vision.