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arXiv · 2610.10155

Near-Field Beamforming Design for Multi-IRS Wireless Beam Routing

Tao Wang·Changsheng You·Changchuan Yin
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Abstract

This letter investigates efficient near-field beamforming designs for wireless communication systems aided by multiple extremely large-scale intelligent reflecting surfaces (Multi-XL-IRSs). Previous studies have mostly assumed far-field channel conditions, based on which angle-based beamforming is adopted for the base station (BS) and IRSs. However, this approach may lead to degraded performance in practical near-field scenarios. To address this issue, we consider near-field channel modeling and formulate an optimization problem aimed at maximizing the received power at the user equipment (UE) by jointly optimizing the beamforming at the BS and IRSs. Given the intractability under the beam training (BT)-based communication framework, the problem is revisited and reformulated. Subsequently, an efficient algorithm based on alternating optimization (AO) is proposed to solve the reformulated problem. Numerical results demonstrate that, in typical setups, our AO-based beamforming designs provide over 170% and 20% received power gains over conventional angle-based beamforming and beam focusing, respectively. Furthermore, the power scaling law derived under far-field conditions no longer holds in near-field scenarios.

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Tao Wang, Changsheng You, Changchuan Yin. 2026-10-07. Near-Field Beamforming Design for Multi-IRS Wireless Beam Routing. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10155

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