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arXiv · 2610.12717

AssemblyLens: Exploring the Role of Structural Roadmaps and Strategies of Furniture Assembly Used by Blind and Low Vision Individuals

Bo Liu·Gene S-H Kim·Franklin Mingzhe Li·Rajalakshmi Nandakumar·Thijs Roumen
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Abstract

Instructions to assemble flat-packed furniture rely on visuals, making them inaccessible to Blind and Low Vision (BLV) individuals. Consequently, BLV individuals depend on caregivers or external services (e.g., Be My Eyes), limiting their autonomy. We explore how to empower them to assemble such furniture themselves, by providing eight BLV participants in our study with accessible instructions consisting of a high-level roadmap and stepwise procedural guidance. We use a technology probe, AssemblyLens, which converts visual assembly instructions into screen-reader-accessible text. We derive insights into converting instructions, empirical observations of BLV assembly strategies, and the role the roadmap played in them. Our observations yield three themes: spatial cognition and mental mapping, embodied ergonomics and kinetic semantics, and assembly workflow and user agency. We present eight design recommendations for instruction system design. Our findings are a step toward an agenda for inclusive instruction in physical tasks.

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Bo Liu, Gene S-H Kim, Franklin Mingzhe Li, Rajalakshmi Nandakumar, Thijs Roumen. 2026-10-08. AssemblyLens: Exploring the Role of Structural Roadmaps and Strategies of Furniture Assembly Used by Blind and Low Vision Individuals. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.12717

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