Quadratic XY-anisotropy correction to the spontaneous staggered magnetization of the gapped XYZ spin-$1/2$ chain

Abstract

The staggered order parameter of the gapped XYZ spin-$1/2$ chain follows from the eight-vertex solution, but in elliptic variables that fix the Hamiltonian couplings only implicitly. We derive a closed form for the coefficient governing the leading quadratic response of the spontaneous staggered magnetization to the XY anisotropy at fixed longitudinal anisotropy in the gapped antiferromagnetic regime. Starting from the Baxter--Kelland--Jimbo--Miwa--Nakayashiki polarization formula, we show that at fixed longitudinal anisotropy both the modular nome and the crossing-parameter variable of the formula move with the XY anisotropy, and that the motion of the crossing-parameter variable reverses the sign of the expansion at fixed elliptic variables. The coefficient is a rational term plus a Lambert series. It is strictly negative and bounded above by a rational function of the longitudinal anisotropy, to which it is asymptotic in the Ising limit. At the isotropic point it diverges as the inverse five-halves power of the distance to that point, and since the Lambert sum has an asymptotic expansion with exponentially small remainder, the subleading terms of the divergence also follow in closed form. When the XY anisotropy vanishes as the five-fourths power of the distance to the isotropic point, the ratio of the perturbed to the unperturbed order parameter tends to a Gaussian in the scaling variable, and the quadratic truncation is controlled when that variable is small. A fourth-order perturbative calculation in the spin chain, with no input from the eight-vertex solution, reproduces the leading strong-coupling behaviour, and infinite-DMRG calculations at four anisotropies in the gapped regime are consistent with the closed form.