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arXiv · 2610.13156

How Anthropomorphic Attitudes Toward Agents Divide User Behavior, and How Design Should Change

Tingyu Cao·Yan Tang·Keer Hu·Bomingxuan Zhu·Ruyi Zou·Huaze Tang·Yuanbo Tang·Shao-Lun Huang·Yang Li
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Abstract

Studies of conversational agents rely on interviews, surveys, lab tasks, or taxonomies. Whether anthropomorphic naming splits those patterns, and whether replies should change, lack field evidence. We report a field study of a desktop assistant (May-August 2026; n=257). Stance is an anthropomorphic assistant name (118 users; 45.9%). Behavior comes from a 128-unit sparse-autoencoder codebook, identity tags, and opening lexicons. Ranks differ by stance (Spearman rho=+0.249 vs. null mean +0.382; p=.0419). Teacher and tutoring identities covary with renaming, an introverted task-only orientation against it; renamers greet more and command less; confiding shows the codebook's largest gap. We revise the agent: greet and receive affect on relational openings, execute directly on tasking. In 1,744 judgments (n=129), renamers chose the revised reply far more often than default-name users on being treated as a person and having affect received, less robustly on willingness to continue, and neither judged it worse on task interference.

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Tingyu Cao, Yan Tang, Keer Hu, Bomingxuan Zhu, Ruyi Zou, Huaze Tang, Yuanbo Tang, Shao-Lun Huang, Yang Li. 2026-10-09. How Anthropomorphic Attitudes Toward Agents Divide User Behavior, and How Design Should Change. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.13156

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