Real Fiducial Vectors Only Exist in Dimensions $d\equiv 3 \pmod{4}$

Abstract

We investigate restrictions on the dimensions and coordinate fields of real Weyl-Heisenberg fiducial vectors. Our main result is that such vectors can exist only in dimensions $d\equiv 3\pmod{4}$. This result is motivated by evidence showing that real Weyl-Heisenberg fiducial vectors can exist only in dimensions $d = 4m^2 + 3, m \in \mathbb{Z}_{\geq 0}$. We further restrict the possible dimensions when the coordinate field is a totally real number field, an even or odd degree extension of $\mathbb{Q}$, a real quadratic field, or a maximal real subfield of a cyclotomic field. Lastly, we establish non-existence over odd-degree number fields under either positivity of all non-trivial cyclic-shift overlaps or a conjectural containment of a distinguished quadratic field in the SIC field.