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arXiv · 2610.20199

Scalar Laplace-Beltrami harmonics and curvature-induced radial mode mixing in Friedmann-like cosmologies

Eduardo Bittencourt·Peter K. S. Dunsby·Bob Osano·Muzikayise E. Sikhonde
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Abstract

We develop a harmonic framework for spherically symmetric Friedmann-like geometries with constant scalar curvature but non-zero trace-free Ricci curvature. This preserves Friedmann-type isotropic expansion while introducing a radially varying tidal field and supporting anisotropic stress. We formulate the scalar Laplace-Beltrami operator as a Sturm-Liouville problem and establish its self-adjoint domains and regularity at minimal spheres. Robertson-Walker harmonics are recovered in the maximally symmetric limit. Trace-free curvature terms are expressed as spectral projection kernels. Rotational symmetry preserves angular labels and parity, while the tidal profile couples different radial eigenmodes. A finite-shell calculation displays this off-diagonal structure, verifies consistency between radial representations, and confirms the expected weak-field scaling. A minimally coupled scalar field remains diagonal in the exact basis, indicating operator-dependent mixing rather than mixing solely due to inhomogeneity. We formulate transverse-traceless kernels, whose dynamical application requires a specified model for the supporting anisotropic matter. This converts curvature-induced mode mixing into a spectral problem for perturbations beyond maximally symmetric cosmologies.

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Eduardo Bittencourt, Peter K. S. Dunsby, Bob Osano, Muzikayise E. Sikhonde. 2026-10-14. Scalar Laplace-Beltrami harmonics and curvature-induced radial mode mixing in Friedmann-like cosmologies. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20199

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