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arXiv · 2610.20384

Look Before You Restore: Learning to Predict Before Acting for Agentic Image Restoration

Xu Zhang·Jun Wan·Lefei Zhang·Liangpei Zhang
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Abstract

Agents for mixed-degradation image restoration typically learn what a tool does to an image only after running it: failed calls waste computation and harmful outputs go unnoticed until too late. We propose PreActIR, an agentic restoration framework that predicts tool consequences before execution. For each candidate tool, a tool-conditioned world model forecasts changes in residual degradation, image quality, and fidelity, together with the risk of harm and the uncertainty of the prediction. The agent executes the top-ranked candidate, and an independent verifier commits or rolls back its output before the agent replans from the observed state. PreActIR also audits whether performance is limited by the selector or by the candidate space, and studies targeted tool adaptation as a controlled way to expand that space. In a controlled evaluation that fixes the candidate pool, verifier, and budget and employs reference-annotated degradation states, PreActIR uses 42.5% fewer real tool calls and 63.4% fewer rejected calls than reactive, execute-then-evaluate trial and error, while improving Y-PSNR by 0.92 dB.

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Xu Zhang, Jun Wan, Lefei Zhang, Liangpei Zhang. 2026-10-14. Look Before You Restore: Learning to Predict Before Acting for Agentic Image Restoration. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20384

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