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arXiv · 2610.33972

Revisiting monodromy defects in $\text{O}(N)$ conformal field theories

Jiechao Feng·Nayan Myerson-Jain·G. Shankar·Taige Wang·Meng Cheng
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Abstract

Monodromy defects are fundamental objects in extended quantum systems with global symmetries. We study such defects in $\text{O}(N)$ conformal field theories (CFT), which describe the universality class of $\text{O}(N)$ spontaneous symmetry breaking transitions. In particular, we consider partial-monodromy defects, whose corresponding symmetry transformations only act on a subset of the fundamental $\text{O}(N)$ vector field. We develop an analytical theory of the defect phases, using both renormalization group and large $N$ expansion. In general (spacetime) dimensions $3\leq d<4$, multiple defect CFTs are identified, which are described by appropriate boundary conditions for the vector field near the defect. Near $d=3$, we show that in the large $N$ limit, a stable defect CFT always exists, characterized by the so-called ("standard") "alternate" boundary conditions for the (twisted) untwisted fields, whose defect correlations are (suppressed) enhanced. We then perform large-scale classical Monte Carlo simulations of monodromy defects in the O(3) CFT in an improved lattice model and numerically extract the defect scaling dimensions. The numerical results are in qualitative agreement with the stable defect CFT identified in the field theory.

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Jiechao Feng, Nayan Myerson-Jain, G. Shankar, Taige Wang, Meng Cheng. 2026-10-25. Revisiting monodromy defects in $\text{O}(N)$ conformal field theories. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.33972

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