arXiv2026
This paper extends the octonion calibration in Clifford algebra to two related sedenion calibrations. Associative calibrations map quaternion rings in Clifford algebra to those in Cayley-Dickson algebras, with octonions consisting of seven rings and sedenions having 35 rings. A new non-associative calibration is found that is related to the sedenion associative calibration but is invertible, providing a classification of the ideals of Clifford algebra and hence of 8 x 8 matrices.This leads to new subalgebras of Clifford algebras and a thorough analysis of the possible automorphisms of sedenions is applied using the Spin and Pin groups. While the calibrations and automorphisms of octonions have minimal divergence, it is found sedenions extend Lie exceptional algebra, G2, to a Lie algebra of rank 49. This work clarifies and extends Schafer's and Brown's sedenion automorphisms. Brown introduced automorphisms that change the sedenion representation, unlike G2, but Clifford algebra analysis finds there are 92 such pure representations. The non-associative calibrations generate an infinite series of new Clifford subalgebras that match the finite geometry PG(N,2) series, discovered by Gino Fano, and connect the projections of simplices with those from hyper-cubes. The visual representation of sedenions as the PG(3,2) tetrahedron, representing the 15 Fano planes of sedenions, allows the sedenion power-associative loops to be visually distinguished from the octonion loops. The visual representation of sedenions may be important for particle physics and Clifford algebra provides analysis tools for the PG(N,2) series that uncovers the hidden structure of Cayley-Dickson algebras within an associative algebra.