An Arithmetic Property of Intertwining Operators for Real Reductive Groups

Abstract

Let $G$ be the group of complex points of a connected split reductive group defined over ${\mathbb Q}$. We study the standard intertwining operator between representations parabolically induced from essentially tempered cohomological representations of Levi subgroups of maximal parabolic subgroups. Under certain algebraicity, purity, and criticality hypotheses, the operator is holomorphic and invertible at a particular point of evaluation. The relative Lie algebra cohomology of these induced representations is one-dimensional in the lowest nonzero degree. Under prescribed rational generators of these one-dimensional spaces, we show that the intertwining operator is a nonzero rational multiple of a certain product of ratios of local $L$-factors. This is a cohomological version of Langlands's calculation of the Gindikin-Karplevic formula. The main theorem provides a local input for the arithmetic study of special values of Langlands--Shahidi $L$-functions.