SAWs, trails, kites, patterns

Abstract

A self-avoiding walk (SAW) on a vertex-transitive graph $G$ is a path that visits no vertex more than once; a trail is a path that traverses no edge more than once. The number of $n$-step self-avoiding walks (respectively, trails) starting at a given vertex has order $μ(G)^n$ (respectively, $μ_{\text{T}}(G)^n$), where $μ(G)$ is called the connective constant and $μ_{\text{T}}(G)$ is the trail constant. It is immediate that $μ=μ_{\text{T}}$ if $G$ either has degree $3$ or less, or is a tree. We prove a necessary and sufficient condition for the strict inequality $μ< μ_{\text{T}}$ if $G$ has degree $4$ or more and is not a tree, and in addition $G$ possesses a so-called height function. This condition is satisfied whenever the height function is transitive. The core of the proof is a pattern theorem for graphs possessing height functions, and this is achieved using an unpublished argument for ${\Bbb Z}^d$ by Hammersley, reported by Janse van Rensburg et al. (J. Stat. Phys. 85, 1996, 103--130). Some ancillary results are included concerning SAWs on the line graph of $G$.