Efficient second-order physics-preserving schemes for incompressible flows with variable density and viscosity

Baolin Kuang; Lanxin Sun; Rihui Lan; Hongfei Fu

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arXiv · 2611.00834

Efficient second-order physics-preserving schemes for incompressible flows with variable density and viscosity

Baolin Kuang·Lanxin Sun·Rihui Lan·Hongfei Fu

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Abstract

This paper proposes a novel second-order prediction--filter--projection framework for incompressible flows with variable density and viscosity. In this framework, a constrained $L^2$-projection is enforced to unconditionally preserve the prescribed density bounds and discrete mass conservation, while a generalized-Laplacian reformulation combined with the D-CSAV approach is used to discretize the variable-viscosity momentum equation. In particular, a density-weighted second-order time filter is proposed, which eliminates the additional uniform-in-time bound restriction imposed on the time difference quotient of the discrete density in existing stability analyses. The resulting scheme is shown to satisfy an unconditional modified-energy dissipation law, without the viscosity-related restrictions imposed in earlier work. Then, an additional scalar auxiliary variable and its compatible temporal discretization are introduced to construct a variable-step prediction--filter--projection scheme. This scheme is also bound-preserving and mass-conserving, and satisfies an unconditional modified-energy dissipation law. Moreover, the modified energy is much closer to the ``original'' kinetic energy, differing from it only through the auxiliary-variable corrections. Based on the variable-step scheme, a reliable energy-based adaptive time-stepping strategy is developed. Finally, numerical experiments demonstrate the accuracy, physics-preserving properties, and efficiency of the proposed schemes.

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Baolin Kuang, Lanxin Sun, Rihui Lan, Hongfei Fu. 2026-10-31. Efficient second-order physics-preserving schemes for incompressible flows with variable density and viscosity. https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.00834

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