A density theorem for non-standard irreducible cyclic codes

Abstract

We prove a fixed-characteristic density form of the Berger-Charpin conjecture for non-degenerate irreducible cyclic codes: for each prime $p$, the lengths admitting such a non-standard code over some finite field of characteristic $p$ have natural density zero. Thus, for almost every length coprime to $p$, every such code over every finite field of characteristic $p$ has only the permutation automorphisms generated by the cyclic shift and the Frobenius map. The proof uses the Feng--Hollmann--Li--Xiang classification for non-standard irreducible cyclic codes, a normal form for the deriving constructions in that paper, and a theorem by Wiertelak on multiplicative orders, in the form recalled by Moree.