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arXiv · 2611.04475

On the Complexity of Exact Autobidding Equilibria

Yiyang Huang·Zhengyang Liu·Yonglei Yan
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Abstract

Autobidding equilibria link advertisers' value multipliers or participation probabilities through aggregate budget and return-on-investment (ROI) constraints. We establish the exact computational complexity of finding these equilibria across several canonical settings: exact equilibrium computation is $\mathsf{FIXP}$-complete for second-price ROI pacing, budget- or ROI-constrained generalized second-price (GSP) sponsored shopping, and second-price throttling. Furthermore, approximating the equilibrium control vector in distance to a true equilibrium is $\mathsf{FIXP}_{a}$-complete when the target accuracy is provided as input.

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Yiyang Huang, Zhengyang Liu, Yonglei Yan. 2026-11-03. On the Complexity of Exact Autobidding Equilibria. https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.04475

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