Elliptic and triangular flow responses in O+O and Ne+Ne collisions from hydrodynamics and kinetic theory

Abstract

Recent light-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider provide an opportunity to investigate the system-size dependence of hydrodynamization and whether the structure of light nuclei can be extracted from collective flow data. Both objectives require an accurate understanding of how the collision dynamics converts initial-state geometry into final-state momentum anisotropies. To this end, and to assess the impact of the experimental results, we compare simulations of O+O and Ne+Ne collisions in hydrodynamic and kinetic theory simulations across opacities. In both ultracentral and peripheral collisions, Ne+Ne-to-O+O elliptic flow ratios are robust against changes in dynamical description, supporting interpretations of data based on nuclear-geometry-driven effects. Triangular-flow ratios instead show substantially stronger sensitivity to nonequilibrium dynamics.