Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv · 2611.09125

Every IC-planar graph has weak-strict degeneracy at most 6

Abstract

We prove that every IC-planar graph has weak-strict degeneracy at most $6$. Weak-strict degeneracy is the weak degeneracy of Bernshteyn and Lee plus one, so it bounds the coloring parameters controlled by weak degeneracy. In particular, every IC-planar graph is $6$-choosable, $6$-DP-colorable and $6$-paintable, which strengthens the theorem of Yang, Wang, Wang and Lih that IC-planar graphs are $6$-choosable. An IC-planar graph is a subgraph of a plane graph in which a set of pairwise vertex-disjoint inner $4$-faces, called marked faces, receive both diagonals. Our main tool is a Thomassen-type statement for such graphs: vertices of marked faces get one extra unit, except those in a prescribed independent set of boundary vertices. With no marked faces, this statement is exactly the theorem of Bernshteyn, Lee and Smith-Roberge that gives weak-strict degeneracy at most $5$ for planar graphs, so it contains both results. We prove it by a minimal-counterexample argument following Bernshteyn, Lee and Smith-Roberge. The new ingredients are a deletion rule that turns destroyed marked faces into ordinary edges, a pseudo-$2$-chord lemma for paths that use one diagonal, and a choice of orientation of the outer cycle that avoids a vertex of the independent set joined to two vertices of the prescribed boundary path.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Zhen He, Yilong Li, Tao Wang, Xiaojing Yang. 2026-11-06. Every IC-planar graph has weak-strict degeneracy at most 6. https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.09125

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Absolute incidence theorems and tilings

We give a precise definition of incidence theorems in plane projective geometry and introduce the notion of absolute incidence theorems, which hold over any ring. Fomin and Pylyavskyy describe how to obtain incidence theorems from tilings of an orientable surface; they call this result the master theorem. Instances of the master theorem are always absolute incidence theorems. As most classically known incidence theorems are instances of the master theorem, they are absolute incidence theorems. We give an explicit example of an incidence theorem involving 13 points that is not an absolute incidence theorem, and therefore is not an instance of the master theorem.

math.CO↗

Cyclic sieving phenomena for trees and tree-rooted maps

We prove cyclic sieving phenomena satisfied by corner-rooted plane trees (alias ordered trees). The sets of rooted plane trees that we consider are: (1) all trees with $n$ nodes; (2) all trees with $n$ nodes and $k$ leaves; (3) all trees with a given degree distribution of the nodes. Moreover, we consider four different cyclic group actions: (1) the root is moved to the next corner along a tour of the tree; (2) only trees in which the root is at a leaf are considered, and the action moves the root to the next leaf; (3) only trees in which the root is at a non-leaf are considered, and the action moves the root to the next non-leaf corner; (4) only trees in which the root is at a node of degree $δ$ are considered, for a fixed $δ$, and the action moves the root to the next corner of this type. We prove a cyclic sieving phenomenon for each meaningful combination of these sets and actions. As a bonus, we also establish corresponding cyclic sieving phenomena for tree-rooted planar maps.

math.CO↗

Inversion monotonicity in subclasses of the 1324-avoiders

We prove injectively that the pattern-avoiding permutation classes $\mathrm{Av}(1324, 231)$ and $\mathrm{Av}(1324, 2314, 3214, 4213)$ are inversion monotone: for every $k$, the number of length-$n$ permutations with $k$ inversions in either class is weakly increasing in $n$. These are the first known nontrivial examples of the phenomenon. The latter is a special case of a general construction. We also characterize the finitely based permutation classes in which the number of length-$n$ members with a fixed number of inversions stabilizes as $n$ grows, and determine the limiting values for all classes $\mathrm{Av}(1324, p)$ with $p \in S_4$. Connections to several nice families of integer partitions are revealed. Lastly, we show that for asymptotically almost every pattern $p \in \mathrm{Av}(1324)$, the class $\mathrm{Av}(1324, p)$ is inversion monotone in the region $n \geq \frac{k+7}{2}$, expanding on the work of Linusson and Verkama. This work is motivated by the conjectures of Claesson, Jelínek and Steingrímsson that $\mathrm{Av}(1324)$, and more generally $\mathrm{Av}(p)$ for every nonidentity pattern $p$, is inversion monotone.

math.CO↗