Growth of a Vortex Mode during Gravitational Collapse Resulting in Type II Supernova

Abstract

We investigate stability of a gravitationally collapsing iron core against non-spherical perturbation. The gravitationally collapsing iron core is approximated by a similarity solution for dynamically collapsing polytropic gas sphere. We find that the similarity solution is unstable against non-spherical perturbations. The perturbation grows in proportion to $ (t - t_0) ^{-σ} $ while the the central density increases in proportion to $ (t - t_0) ^{-2} $. The growth rate is $ σ= 1/3 + \ell (γ- 4/3) $, where $ γ$ and $ \ell $ denote the polytropic index and the parameter $ \ell $ of the spherical harmonics, $ Y_{\ell} ^m (θ, ϕ) $, respectively. The growing perturbation is dominated by vortex motion. Thus it excites global convection during the collapse and may contribute to material mixing in a type II supernova.