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The Static Universe Hypothesis: Theoretical Basis and Observational Tests of the Hypothesis

Thomas B. Andrews
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Abstract

From the axiom of the unrestricted repeatability of all experiments, Bondi and Gold argued that the universe is in a stable, self-perpetuating equilibrium state. This concept generalizes the usual cosmological principle to the perfect cosmological principle in which the universe looks the same from any location at any time. Consequently, I hypothesize that the universe is static and in an equilibrium state (non-evolving). New physics is proposed based on the concept that the universe is a pure wave system. Based on the new physics and assuming a static universe, processes are derived for the Hubble redshift and the cosmic background radiation field. Then, following the scientific method, I test deductions of the static universe hypothesis using precise observational data primarily from the Hubble Space Telescope. Applying four different global tests of the space-time metric, I find that the observational data consistently fits the static universe model. The observational data also show that the average absolute magnitudes and physical radii of first-rank elliptical galaxies have not changed over the last 5 to 15 billion years. Because the static universe hypothesis is a logical deduction from the perfect cosmological principle and the hypothesis is confirmed by the observational data, I conclude that the universe is static and in an equilibrium state.

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Thomas B. Andrews. 2001-09-07. The Static Universe Hypothesis: Theoretical Basis and Observational Tests of the Hypothesis. https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0109110

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