SearcharxivSearch

arXiv · astro-ph/0401440

HST Observations of the Main Sequence of M4

Abstract

This paper presents new results from a photometric study of the main-sequence stars in M4, the closest globular cluster to the sun. Multi-field, multi-epoch observations at approximately 1, 2, and 6 core-radii were obtained with the WFPC2 camera on the HST. The multi-epoch observations allowed us to clean the data on the basis of proper motion. In all the fields the cluster main sequence can be traced to at least V = 27.0 but there remains a trail of stars to the limit of the data near V = 30 in the deepest outer field. There is no evidence that we have reached the end of the hydrogen burning main sequence in any of our fields, however, there is some indication that very few stars remain to be detected in the deepest data. The scatter about the cluster main sequence yields a surprisingly small and variable binary fraction; f_b = 2% in the inner parts of the cluster falling to the 1% range outside. For the currently visible main sequence stars, the cluster mass function is very flat (alpha =0.1) in the outer field and flattens further in the inner fields suggesting well developed mass segregation. The observed variation in the mass function is broadly consistent with isotropic, multi-mass Michie-King models. Because we have a large sample of white dwarfs in the outer field we are able to show that the cluster IMF above 0.8Msun was considerably steeper than the present day mass function for low mass stars. Two appendicies are included in this contribution; a detailed discussion of the techniques used to reduce the data and a direct comparison between the cluster stars and those belonging to the inner spheroid of the Galaxy yielding a Galactocentric distance of 7.5+/-0.6 kpc.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

H. B. Richer, G. G. Fahlman, J. Brewer, S. Davis, J. Kalirai, P. B. Stetson, B. M. S. Hansen, R. M. Rich, R. A. Ibata, B. K. Gibson, M. Shara. 2004-01-21. HST Observations of the Main Sequence of M4. https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0401440

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

On binary pulsars and the force of gravity

The energy-momentum budget of the astrophysical systems can be studied by the exact local conservation equation derived by Landau and Lifshitz. We show that a similar equation is valid for the Einstein-Cartan gravity. We reanalyze a binary pulsar system using the Landau-Lifshitz conservation equation and show that the orbital period change rate can be completely understood as a curvature backreaction process. Taking into account the detailed theoretical and observational research of relativistic binary pulsar systems, especially the system of Hulse and Taylor, we conclude that general relativity and astrophysical observations rule out the existence of gravitational radiation. We comment upon the LIGO GW events and their alternative explanation, as well as the recent pulsar timing arrays data.

astro-ph

Oscillation frequencies and mode lifetimes in alpha Centauri A

We analyse our recently-published velocity measurements of alpha Cen A (Butler et al. 2004). After adjusting the weights on a night-by-night basis in order to optimize the window function to minimize sidelobes, we extract 42 oscillation frequencies with l=0 to 3 and measure the large and small frequency separations. We give fitted relations to these frequencies that can be compared with theoretical models and conclude that the observed scatter about these fits is due to the finite lifetimes of the oscillation modes. We estimate the mode lifetimes to be 1-2 d, substantially shorter than in the Sun.

astro-ph

Hipparcos period-luminosity relations for Miras and semiregular variables

We present period-luminosity diagrams for nearby Miras and semiregulars, selecting stars with parallaxes better than 20 per cent and well-determined periods. Using K-band magnitudes, we find two well-defined P-L sequences, one corresponding to the standard Mira P-L relation and the second shifted to shorter periods by a factor of about 1.9. The second sequence only contains semiregular variables, while the Mira sequence contains both Miras and semiregulars. Several semiregular stars show double periods in agreement with both relations. The Whitelock evolutionary track is shown to fit the data, indicating that the semiregulars are Mira progenitors. The transition between the two sequences may correspond to a change in pulsation mode or to a change in the stellar structure. Large amplitude pulsations leading to classical Mira classification occur mainly near the tip of the local AGB luminosity function.

astro-ph