Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv · astro-ph/0411286

XMM-Newton Observation of an X-ray Trail Between the Spiral Galaxy NGC6872 and the Central Elliptical NGC6876 in the Pavo Group

Abstract

We present XMM-Newton observations of a trail of enhanced X-rayemission extending along the 8'.7 X 4' region between the spiral NGC6872 and the dominant elliptical NGC6876 in the Pavo Group,the first known X-ray trail associated with a spiral galaxy in a poor galaxy group and, with projected length of 90 kpc, one of the longest X-ray trails observed in any system. The X-ray surface brightness in the trail region is roughly constant beyond ~20 kpc of NGC6876 in the direction of NGC6872. The trail is hotter (~ 1 keV) than the undisturbed Pavo IGM (~0.5 keV) and has low metal abundances (0.2 Zsolar). The 0.5-2 keV luminosity of the trail, measured using a 67 X 90 kpc rectangular region, is 6.6 X 10^{40} erg/s. We compare the properties of gas in the trail to the spectral properties of gas in the spiral NGC6872 and in the elliptical NGC6876 to constrain its origin. We suggest that the X-ray trail is either IGM gas gravitationally focused into a Bondi-Hoyle wake, a thermal mixture of ~64% Pavo IGM gas with ~36% galaxy gas that has been removed from the spiral NGC6872 by turbulent viscous stripping, or both, due to the spiral's supersonic motion at angle xi ~ 40 degrees with respect to the plane of the sky, past the Pavo group center (NGC6876) through the densest region of the Pavo IGM. Assuming xi = 40 degrees and a filling factor eta in a cylindrical volume with radius 33 kpc and projected length 90 kpc, the mean electron density and total hot gas mass in the trail is 9.5 X 10^{-4}*eta^{-1/2} cm^{-3} and 1.1 X 10^{10}*eta^{1/2} Msolar, respectively.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

M. Machacek, P. Nulsen, L. Stirbat, C. Jones, W. Forman. 2004-12-09. XMM-Newton Observation of an X-ray Trail Between the Spiral Galaxy NGC6872 and the Central Elliptical NGC6876 in the Pavo Group. https://doi.org/10.1086/431944

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Frame covariance of CMBR lensing in the exact 1+3 covariant radiation hierarchy

The exact $1+3$ covariant Boltzmann hierarchy for the cosmic microwave background contains acceleration, shear and vorticity couplings whose coefficients grow linearly in $\ell$. We show that all are the multipole form of the aberration operator in the photon Liouville equation. Under a change of threading, this operator shifts by the along-ray generator of a Lorentz boost. The acceleration coupling of $\ell$ to $\ell\pm1$ and the shear coupling of $\ell$ to $\ell\pm2$ are therefore frame-covariant descriptions of the same operator, related by an algebraic, pointwise relabelling of direction. With emitter and observer frames fixed, the observed sky is independent of the intermediate threading at every $\ell$. We derive this in $1+3$ covariant and gauge-invariant variables without constructing second-order gauge-invariant variables. The $O(ε^2\ell)$ content is gravitational lensing, as known in metric variables. Linearisation about a Friedmann--Lemaître--Robertson--Walker background removes these couplings, requiring lensing to be reinstated from the geodesic equation. Keeping the threading arbitrary makes frame covariance explicit and places observer aberration in the same operator. In the Newtonian threading we compute both halves of the deflection: the equivalence-principle contribution enters through aberration, while the spatial-curvature contribution arises from free streaming on perturbed spatial sections and reduces to the same operator. The lensing efficiency follows from the direction derivative. The angular-power-spectrum contribution is quartic in the potential: for a deflection statistically independent of the source, the two fourth-order terms carrying $\ell^2$ cancel where the spectrum is smooth on the deflection scale, and lensing redistributes power without adding ensemble variance.

astro-ph↗

Cosmic Conundrums with Quantum Corrections

Darh energy was discovered over 25 years ago and we do not have an explanation of it. Dark matter comprises 95% of matter in the universe and we still don't know what it is. The Webb telescope has been finding fully formed galaxies with massive black holes millions of times the mass of the sun in the early universe and we don't have any explanation. A quantum density limitation will be used to solve these and other outstanding problems.

astro-ph↗

On binary pulsars and the force of gravity

The energy-momentum budget of the astrophysical systems can be studied by the exact local conservation equation derived by Landau and Lifshitz. We show that a similar equation is valid for the Einstein-Cartan gravity. We reanalyze a binary pulsar system using the Landau-Lifshitz conservation equation and show that the orbital period change rate can be completely understood as a curvature backreaction process. Taking into account the detailed theoretical and observational research of relativistic binary pulsar systems, especially the system of Hulse and Taylor, we conclude that general relativity and astrophysical observations rule out the existence of gravitational radiation. We comment upon the LIGO GW events and their alternative explanation, as well as the recent pulsar timing arrays data.

astro-ph↗