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Finite bounded expanding white hole universe without dark matter

John G. Hartnett
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Abstract

The solution of Einstein's field equations in Cosmological General Relativity (CGR), where the Galaxy is at the center of a finite yet bounded spherically symmetrical isotropic gravitational field, is identical with the unbounded solution. This leads to the conclusion that the Universe may be viewed as a finite expanding white hole. The fact that CGR has been successful in describing the distance modulus verses redshift data of the high-redshift type Ia supernovae means that the data cannot distinguish between unbounded models and those with finite bounded radii of at least $c τ$. Also it is shown that the Universe is spatially flat at the current epoch and has been at all past epochs where it was matter dominated.

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John G. Hartnett. 2007-04-17. Finite bounded expanding white hole universe without dark matter. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-013-1753-6

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