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The large-scale jet-powered radio nebula of Circinus X-1

V. Tudose·R. P. Fender·C. R. Kaiser·A. K. Tzioumis·M. van der Klis·R. Spencer
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Abstract

We present multi-epoch observations of the radio nebula around the neutron star X-ray binary Circinus X-1 made at 1.4 and 2.5 GHz with the Australia Telescope Compact Array between October 2000 and September 2004. The nebula can be seen as a result of the interaction between the jet from the system and the interstellar medium and it is likely that we are actually looking toward the central X-ray binary system through the jet-powered radio lobe. The study of the nebula thus offers a unique opportunity to estimate for the first time using calorimetry the energetics of a jet from an object clearly identified as a neutron star. An extensive discussion on the energetics of the complex is presented: a first approach is based on the minimum energy estimation, while a second one employs a self-similar model of the interaction between the jets and the surrounding medium. The results suggest an age for the nebula of \leq 10^5 years and a corresponding time-averaged jet power \geq 10^{35} erg s^{-1}. During periodic flaring episodes, the instantaneous jet power may reach values of similar magnitude to the X-ray luminosity.

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V. Tudose, R. P. Fender, C. R. Kaiser, A. K. Tzioumis, M. van der Klis, R. Spencer. 2006-07-27. The large-scale jet-powered radio nebula of Circinus X-1. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10873.x

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