The Role of Galaxy Interactions and Mergers in Star Formation at z<1.3: Mid-Infrared Properties in the Spitzer First Look Survey

Abstract

By combining the 0.12 square degree F814W Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Spitzer MIPS 24 micron imaging in the First Look Survey (FLS), we investigate the properties of interacting and merging Mid-Infrared bright and faint sources at 0.2< z <1.3. We find a marginally significant increase in the pair fraction for MIPS 24 micron detected, optically selected close pairs, pair fraction=0.25+/-0.10 at z~1, in contrast to 0.11+/-0.08 at z~0.4, while galaxies below our 24 micron MIPS detection limit show a pair fraction consistent with zero at all redshifts. Additionally, 24 micron detected galaxies with fluxes >0.1mJy are on average five times more likely to be in a close galaxy pair between 0.2< z <1.3 than galaxies below this flux limit. Using the 24 micron flux to derive the total Far-IR luminosity we find that paired galaxies (early stage mergers) are responsible for 27% +/-9% of the IR luminosity density resulting from star formation at z~1 while morphologically classified (late stage) mergers make up 34%+/-11%. This implies that 61%+/-14% of the infrared luminosity density and in turn ~40% of the star formation rate density at z~1 can be attributed to galaxies at some stage of a major merger or interaction. We argue that, close pairs/mergers in a LIRG/ULIRG phase become increasingly important contributers to the IR luminosity and star formation rate density of the Universe at z>0.7.