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The Past and Present Infrared Spectrum of BD+30 3639

Albert A. Zijlstra·Ralf Siebenmorgen
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Abstract

We present a radiative-transfer calculation which reproduces the infrared spectrum of the planetary nebula BD+30$^{\circ}$3639, fitting both the spectral energy distribution and the spatial extent at infrared wavelengths. We obtain an acceptable fit to most of the spectrum, including the infrared bands. The fit requires a distance of $\ge 2 \kpc$, which implies that BD+30$^\circ$3639 has evolved from a massive progenitor of several solar masses. Two surprising results are (1) a very low dust-to-gas ratio, (2) an absence of the smallest PAH molecules. Extrapolating back in time, we calculate the previous infrared evolution of BD+30$^\circ$3639.

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Albert A. Zijlstra, Ralf Siebenmorgen. 1993-09-13. The Past and Present Infrared Spectrum of BD+30 3639. https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9309016

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