Searcharxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · astro-ph/9803190

ROSAT HRI discovery of luminous extended X-ray emission in NGC 6240

Stefanie Komossa·Hartmut Schulz·Jochen Greiner
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

We report the detection of luminous extended X-ray emission in NGC 6240 on the basis of ROSAT HRI observations of this ultraluminous IR galaxy. The spatial structure and temporal behavior of the X-ray source were analyzed. We find that >= 70% of the soft X-ray emission is extended beyond a radius of 5 arcsec. Strong emission can be traced out to a radius of 20 arcsec and weaker emission extends out to 50 arcsec. With a luminosity of at least 10^{42} erg/s this makes NGC 6240 one of the most luminous X-ray emitters in extended emission known. Evidence for a nuclear compact variable component is indicated by a drop of 32% in the HRI count rate as compared to the PSPC data taken one year earlier. No short-timescale variability is detected. The HRI data, which represent the first high-resolution study of the X-ray emission from NGC 6240, complement previous spectral fits to ROSAT PSPC data (astro-ph/9710098; A&A 330, 823) that suggested a two-component model consisting of thermal emission from shocked gas immersed in a starburst wind plus a powerlaw source attributed to scattered light from an obscured AGN. We discuss several models to account for the extended and compact emission. Although pushed to its limits the starburst outflow model is tenable for the essential part of the extended emission. For the AGN-type component we propose a model consisting of a near-nuclear `warm scatterer' that explains the apparent fading of the X-ray flux within a year as well as the strong FeKalpha complex seen in an ASCA spectrum.

Explore related subjects

astro-ph

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Stefanie Komossa, Hartmut Schulz, Jochen Greiner. 1998-03-17. ROSAT HRI discovery of luminous extended X-ray emission in NGC 6240. https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9803190

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Frame covariance of CMBR lensing in the exact 1+3 covariant radiation hierarchy

The exact $1+3$ covariant Boltzmann hierarchy for the cosmic microwave background contains acceleration, shear and vorticity couplings whose coefficients grow linearly in $\ell$. We show that all are the multipole form of the aberration operator in the photon Liouville equation. Under a change of threading, this operator shifts by the along-ray generator of a Lorentz boost. The acceleration coupling of $\ell$ to $\ell\pm1$ and the shear coupling of $\ell$ to $\ell\pm2$ are therefore frame-covariant descriptions of the same operator, related by an algebraic, pointwise relabelling of direction. With emitter and observer frames fixed, the observed sky is independent of the intermediate threading at every $\ell$. We derive this in $1+3$ covariant and gauge-invariant variables without constructing second-order gauge-invariant variables. The $O(ε^2\ell)$ content is gravitational lensing, as known in metric variables. Linearisation about a Friedmann--Lemaître--Robertson--Walker background removes these couplings, requiring lensing to be reinstated from the geodesic equation. Keeping the threading arbitrary makes frame covariance explicit and places observer aberration in the same operator. In the Newtonian threading we compute both halves of the deflection: the equivalence-principle contribution enters through aberration, while the spatial-curvature contribution arises from free streaming on perturbed spatial sections and reduces to the same operator. The lensing efficiency follows from the direction derivative. The angular-power-spectrum contribution is quartic in the potential: for a deflection statistically independent of the source, the two fourth-order terms carrying $\ell^2$ cancel where the spectrum is smooth on the deflection scale, and lensing redistributes power without adding ensemble variance.

astro-ph↗
arXiv2026

Cosmic Conundrums with Quantum Corrections

Darh energy was discovered over 25 years ago and we do not have an explanation of it. Dark matter comprises 95% of matter in the universe and we still don't know what it is. The Webb telescope has been finding fully formed galaxies with massive black holes millions of times the mass of the sun in the early universe and we don't have any explanation. A quantum density limitation will be used to solve these and other outstanding problems.

astro-ph↗
arXiv2026

On binary pulsars and the force of gravity

The energy-momentum budget of the astrophysical systems can be studied by the exact local conservation equation derived by Landau and Lifshitz. We show that a similar equation is valid for the Einstein-Cartan gravity. We reanalyze a binary pulsar system using the Landau-Lifshitz conservation equation and show that the orbital period change rate can be completely understood as a curvature backreaction process. Taking into account the detailed theoretical and observational research of relativistic binary pulsar systems, especially the system of Hulse and Taylor, we conclude that general relativity and astrophysical observations rule out the existence of gravitational radiation. We comment upon the LIGO GW events and their alternative explanation, as well as the recent pulsar timing arrays data.

astro-ph↗