Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv · astro-ph/9812312

Warps Caused by Jet-Induced Pressure Gradients in Radio Galaxies

Abstract

In radio galaxies such as M84 dust features tend to be nearly perpendicular to radio jets yet are not aligned with the galaxy isophotes. The timescale for precession in the galaxy is short suggesting that an alternative mechanism causes the gas disk to be misaligned with the galaxy. In M84 we estimate the pressure on the disk required to overcome the torque from the galaxy and find that it is small compared to the thermal pressure in the hot ambient ISM estimated from the X-ray emission. We therefore propose that pressure gradients in a jet associated hot interstellar medium exert a torque on the gas disk in M84 causing it to be misaligned with the galaxy isophotal major axis. This mechanism could explain the connection between gas disk angular momentum and jet axes in nearby radio galaxies. By integrating the light of the galaxy through a warped gas and dust disk we find that the geometry of gas disk in M84 is likely to differ that predicted from a simple precession model. We find that the morphology of the gas disk in M84 is consistent with a warped geometry where precession is caused by a combination of a galactic torque and a larger torque due to pressure gradients in the ambient X-ray emitting gas. Precession occurs at an axis between the jet and galaxy major axis, but nearer to the jet axis implying that the pressure torque is 2-4 times larger than the galactic torque. A better model to the morphology of the disk is achieved when precession takes place about an elliptical rather than circular path. This suggests that the isobars in the hot medium are strongly dependent on angle from the jet axis.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

A. C. Quillen, Gary A. Bower. 1999-06-02. Warps Caused by Jet-Induced Pressure Gradients in Radio Galaxies. https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9812312

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Frame covariance of CMBR lensing in the exact 1+3 covariant radiation hierarchy

The exact $1+3$ covariant Boltzmann hierarchy for the cosmic microwave background contains acceleration, shear and vorticity couplings whose coefficients grow linearly in $\ell$. We show that all are the multipole form of the aberration operator in the photon Liouville equation. Under a change of threading, this operator shifts by the along-ray generator of a Lorentz boost. The acceleration coupling of $\ell$ to $\ell\pm1$ and the shear coupling of $\ell$ to $\ell\pm2$ are therefore frame-covariant descriptions of the same operator, related by an algebraic, pointwise relabelling of direction. With emitter and observer frames fixed, the observed sky is independent of the intermediate threading at every $\ell$. We derive this in $1+3$ covariant and gauge-invariant variables without constructing second-order gauge-invariant variables. The $O(ε^2\ell)$ content is gravitational lensing, as known in metric variables. Linearisation about a Friedmann--Lemaître--Robertson--Walker background removes these couplings, requiring lensing to be reinstated from the geodesic equation. Keeping the threading arbitrary makes frame covariance explicit and places observer aberration in the same operator. In the Newtonian threading we compute both halves of the deflection: the equivalence-principle contribution enters through aberration, while the spatial-curvature contribution arises from free streaming on perturbed spatial sections and reduces to the same operator. The lensing efficiency follows from the direction derivative. The angular-power-spectrum contribution is quartic in the potential: for a deflection statistically independent of the source, the two fourth-order terms carrying $\ell^2$ cancel where the spectrum is smooth on the deflection scale, and lensing redistributes power without adding ensemble variance.

astro-ph↗

Cosmic Conundrums with Quantum Corrections

Darh energy was discovered over 25 years ago and we do not have an explanation of it. Dark matter comprises 95% of matter in the universe and we still don't know what it is. The Webb telescope has been finding fully formed galaxies with massive black holes millions of times the mass of the sun in the early universe and we don't have any explanation. A quantum density limitation will be used to solve these and other outstanding problems.

astro-ph↗

On binary pulsars and the force of gravity

The energy-momentum budget of the astrophysical systems can be studied by the exact local conservation equation derived by Landau and Lifshitz. We show that a similar equation is valid for the Einstein-Cartan gravity. We reanalyze a binary pulsar system using the Landau-Lifshitz conservation equation and show that the orbital period change rate can be completely understood as a curvature backreaction process. Taking into account the detailed theoretical and observational research of relativistic binary pulsar systems, especially the system of Hulse and Taylor, we conclude that general relativity and astrophysical observations rule out the existence of gravitational radiation. We comment upon the LIGO GW events and their alternative explanation, as well as the recent pulsar timing arrays data.

astro-ph↗