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Realization of Bose-Einstein condensates in lower dimensions

A. Gorlitz·J. M. Vogels·A. E. Leanhardt·C. Raman·T. L. Gustavson·J. R. Abo-Shaeer·A. P. Chikkatur·S. Gupta·S. Inouye·T. P. Rosenband·D. E. Pritchard·W. Ketterle
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Abstract

Bose-Einstein condensates of sodium atoms have been prepared in optical and magnetic traps in which the energy-level spacing in one or two dimensions exceeds the interaction energy between atoms, realizing condensates of lower dimensionality. The cross-over into two-dimensional and one-dimensional condensates was observed by a change in aspect ratio and saturation of the release energy when the number of trapped atoms was reduced.

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A. Gorlitz, J. M. Vogels, A. E. Leanhardt, C. Raman, T. L. Gustavson, J. R. Abo-Shaeer, A. P. Chikkatur, S. Gupta, S. Inouye, T. P. Rosenband, D. E. Pritchard, W. Ketterle. 2001-04-27. Realization of Bose-Einstein condensates in lower dimensions. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.87.130402

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