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The crossover between lasing and polariton condensation in optical microcavities

M. H. Szymanska·P. B. Littlewood
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Abstract

We study a model of a photon mode dipole-coupled to a medium of two-level oscillators in a microcavity in the presence of dephasing processes introduced by coupling to external baths. Decoherence processes can be classified as pair-breaking or non-pair-breaking in analogy with magnetic or non-magnetic impurities in superconductors. In the absence of dephasing, the ground state of the model is a polariton condensate with a gap in the excitation spectrum. Increase of the pair-breaking parameter $γ$ reduces the gap, which becomes zero at a critical value $γ_{C1}$; for large $γ$, the conventional laser regime is obtained in a way that demonstrates its close analogy to a gapless superconductor. In contrast, weak non-pair-breaking processes have no qualitative effect on the condensate or the existence of a gap, although they lead to inhomogeneous broadening of the excitations.

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M. H. Szymanska, P. B. Littlewood. 2002-04-12. The crossover between lasing and polariton condensation in optical microcavities. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0038-1098(02)00453-2

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