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Universal vortex formation in rotating traps with bosons and fermions

M. Toreblad·M. Borgh·M. Koskinen·M. Manninen·S. M. Reimann
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Abstract

When a system consisting of many interacting particles is set rotating, it may form vortices. This is familiar to us from every-day life: you can observe vortices while stirring your coffee or watching a hurricane. In the world of quantum mechanics, famous examples of vortices are superconducting films and rotating bosonic $^4$He or fermionic $^3$He liquids. Vortices are also observed in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in atomic traps and are predicted to exist for paired fermionic atoms. Here we show that the rotation of trapped particles with a repulsive interaction leads to a similar vortex formation, regardless of whether the particles are bosons or (unpaired) fermions. The exact, quantum mechanical many-particle wave function provides evidence that in fact, the mechanism of this vortex formation is the same for boson and fermion systems.

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M. Toreblad, M. Borgh, M. Koskinen, M. Manninen, S. M. Reimann. 2004-04-02. Universal vortex formation in rotating traps with bosons and fermions. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.93.090407

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