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Vortex molecules in coherently coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Kenichi Kasamatsu·Makoto Tsubota·Masahito Ueda
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Abstract

A vortex molecule is predicted in rotating two-component Bose-Einstein condensates whose internal hyperfine states are coupled coherently by an external field. A vortex in one component and that in the other are connected by a domain wall of the relative phase, constituting a "vortex molecule", which features a nonaxisymmetric (pseudo)spin texture with a pair of merons. The binding mechanism of the vortex molecule is discussed based on a generalized nonlinear sigma model and a variational ansatz. The anisotropy of vortex molecules is caused by the difference in the scattering lengths, yielding a distorted vortex-molecule lattice in fast rotating condensates.

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Kenichi Kasamatsu, Makoto Tsubota, Masahito Ueda. 2004-10-29. Vortex molecules in coherently coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensates. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.93.250406

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