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Confinement of matter fields in compact (2+1)-dimensional QED theory of high-$T_{c}$ superconductors

Guo-Zhu Liu
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Abstract

We study confinement of matter fields in the effective compact (2+1)-dimensional QED theory of high-$T_{c}$ superconductors. It is shown that the monopole configurations do not affect the propagator of gauge potential $a_μ$. Based on this result, we found that: chiral symmetry breaking and confinement take place simultaneously in the antiferromagnetic state; neither monopole effect nor Anderson-Higgs mechanism can cause confinement in the d-wave superconducting state.

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Guo-Zhu Liu. 2005-05-05. Confinement of matter fields in compact (2+1)-dimensional QED theory of high-$T_{c}$ superconductors. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.71.172501

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