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Sodium Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Optical Lattice

K. Xu·Y. Liu·J. R. Abo-Shaeer·T. Mukaiyama·J. K. Chin·D. E. Miller·W. Ketterle·Kevin M. Jones·Eite Tiesinga
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Abstract

The phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator has been observed in a $^{23}$Na Bose-Einstein condensate. A dye laser detuned $\approx 5$nm red of the Na $3^2$S$ \to 3^2$P$_{1/2}$ transition was used to form the three dimensional optical lattice. The heating effects of the small detuning as well as the three-body decay processes constrained the timescale of the experiment. Certain lattice detunings were found to induce a large loss of atoms. These loss features were shown to be due to photoassociation of atoms to vibrational levels in the Na$_2$ $(1) ^3Σ_g^+$ state.

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K. Xu, Y. Liu, J. R. Abo-Shaeer, T. Mukaiyama, J. K. Chin, D. E. Miller, W. Ketterle, Kevin M. Jones, Eite Tiesinga. 2005-07-13. Sodium Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Optical Lattice. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.72.043604

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