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Equilibrium First-Order Melting and Second-Order Glass Transitions of the Vortex Matter in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$

H. Beidenkopf·N. Avraham·Y. Myasoedov·H. Shtrikman·E. Zeldov·B. Rosenstein·E. H. Brandt·T. Tamegai
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Abstract

The thermodynamic $H-T$ phase diagram of Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$ was mapped by measuring local \emph{equilibrium} magnetization $M(H,T)$ in presence of vortex `shaking'. Two equally sharp first-order magnetization steps are revealed in a single temperature sweep, manifesting a liquid-solid-liquid sequence. In addition, a second-order glass transition line is revealed by a sharp break in the equilibrium $M(T)$ slope. The first- and second-order lines intersect at intermediate temperatures, suggesting the existence of four phases: Bragg glass and vortex crystal at low fields, glass and liquid at higher fields.

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H. Beidenkopf, N. Avraham, Y. Myasoedov, H. Shtrikman, E. Zeldov, B. Rosenstein, E. H. Brandt, T. Tamegai. 2005-11-13. Equilibrium First-Order Melting and Second-Order Glass Transitions of the Vortex Matter in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.95.257004

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