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Ordered structures in rotating ultracold Bose gases

N. Barberan·M. Lewenstein·K. Osterloh·D. Dagnino
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Abstract

The characterization of small samples of cold bosonic atoms in rotating microtraps has recently attracted increasing interest due to the possibility to deal with a few number of particles per site in optical lattices. We analyze the evolution of ground state structures as the rotational frequency $Ω$ increases. Various kinds of ordered structures are observed. For $N<10$ atoms, the standard scenario, valid for large sytems, is absent, and only gradually recovered as $N$ increases. The vortex contribution to the total angular momentum $L$ as a function of $Ω$ ceases to be an increasing function of $Ω$, as observed in experiments of Chevy {\it et al.} (Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2223 (2000)). Instead, for small $N$, it exhibits a sequence of peaks showing wide minima at the values of $Ω$, where no vortices appear.

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N. Barberan, M. Lewenstein, K. Osterloh, D. Dagnino. 2006-03-08. Ordered structures in rotating ultracold Bose gases. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.73.063623

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