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Peltier effects in Andreev interferometers

Pauli Virtanen·Tero T. Heikkila
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Abstract

The superconducting proximity effect is known to modify transport properties of hybrid normal--superconducting structures. In addition to changing electrical and thermal transport separately, it alters the thermoelectric effects. Changes to one off-diagonal element $L_{12}$ of the thermoelectric matrix $L$ have previously been studied via the thermopower, but the remaining coefficient $L_{21}$ which is responsible for the Peltier effect has received less attention. We discuss symmetry relations between $L_{21}$ and $L_{12}$ in addition to the Onsager reciprocity, and calculate Peltier coefficients for a specific structure. Similarly as for the thermopower, for finite phase differences of the superconducting order parameter, the proximity effect creates a Peltier effect significantly larger than the one present in purely normal-metal structures. This results from the fact that a nonequilibrium supercurrent carries energy.

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Pauli Virtanen, Tero T. Heikkila. 2007-03-13. Peltier effects in Andreev interferometers. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.75.104517

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