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Classical double-layer atoms: artificial molecules

B. Partoens·V. A. Schweigert·F. M. Peeters
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Abstract

The groundstate configuration and the eigenmodes of two parallel two-dimensional classical atoms are obtained as function of the inter-atomic distance (d). The classical particles are confined by identical harmonic wells and repel each other through a Coulomb potential. As function of d we find several structural transitions which are of first or second order. For first (second) order transitions the first (second) derivative of the energy with respect to d is discontinuous, the radial position of the particles changes discontinuously (continuously) and the frequency of the eigenmodes exhibit a jump (one mode becomes soft, i.e. its frequency becomes zero).

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B. Partoens, V. A. Schweigert, F. M. Peeters. 1997-09-05. Classical double-layer atoms: artificial molecules. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.79.3990

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