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4/3-Law of Granular Particles Flowing through a Vertical Pipe

Osamu Moriyama·Naoya Kuroiwa·Mitsugu Matsushita·Hisao Hayakawa
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Abstract

Density waves of granular material (sand) flowing through a vertical pipe have been investigated. Clear density waves emerge when the cock attached to bottom end of the pipe is closed. The FFT power spectra were found to show a stable power-law form $ P(f) \sim f^{-α}. $ The value of the exponent was evaluated as $α\cong 4/3$. We also introduce a simple one-dimensional model which reproduces $α= 4/3$ from both simulation and theoretical analysis. (to be published in Phys.Rev.Lett.)

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Osamu Moriyama, Naoya Kuroiwa, Mitsugu Matsushita, Hisao Hayakawa. 1998-02-17. 4/3-Law of Granular Particles Flowing through a Vertical Pipe. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.80.2833

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