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Fate of a Bose-Einstein condensate with attractive interaction

Masahito Ueda·Kerson Huang
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Abstract

We calculate the decay amplitude of a harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate with attractive interaction via the Feynman path integral. We find that when the number of particles is less than a critical number, the condensate decays relatively slowly through quantum tunneling. When the number exceeds the critical one, a "black hole" opens up at the center of the trap, in which density fluctuations become large due to a negative pressure, and collisional loss will drain the particles from the trap. As the black hole is fed by tunneling particles, we have a novel system in which quantum tunneling serves as a hydrodynamic source.

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Masahito Ueda, Kerson Huang. 1998-07-27. Fate of a Bose-Einstein condensate with attractive interaction. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.60.3317

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