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Fragmented and Single Condensate Ground States of Spin-1 Bose Gas

Tin-Lun Ho·Sung Kit Yip
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Abstract

We show that the ground state of a spin-1 Bose gas with an antiferro- magnetic interaction is a fragmented condensate in uniform magnetic fields. The number fluctuations in each spin component change rapidly from being enormous (order $N$) to exceedingly small (order 1) as the magnetization of the system increases. A fragmented condensate can be turned into a single condensate state by magnetic field gradients. The conditions for existence and the method of detecting fragmented states are presented.

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Tin-Lun Ho, Sung Kit Yip. 1999-05-24. Fragmented and Single Condensate Ground States of Spin-1 Bose Gas. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.84.4031

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