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The Expanding Universe, Planetary Motion and the Pioneer 10/11 Anomaly

A. Lewis Licht
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Abstract

The effect of the expanding universe on planetary motion is considered to first order in the Hubble constant H. Orbital elements are shown to be unaffected, but there is a small change in the connection between planetary proper time and coordinate time. This can produce an apparent anomalous acceleration in velocities inferred from echo-ranging, but the effect is too small by many orders of magnitude to account for the Pioneer 10/11 anomaly.

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A. Lewis Licht. 2001-02-26. The Expanding Universe, Planetary Motion and the Pioneer 10/11 Anomaly. https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0102103

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