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The (2+1)-Dimensional Black Hole

Steven Carlip
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Abstract

I review the classical and quantum properties of the (2+1)-dimensional black hole of Ba{ñ}ados, Teitelboim, and Zanelli. This solution of the Einstein field equations in three spacetime dimensions shares many of the characteristics of the Kerr black hole: it has an event horizon, an inner horizon, and an ergosphere; it occurs as an endpoint of gravitational collapse; it exhibits mass inflation; and it has a nonvanishing Hawking temperature and interesting thermodynamic properties. At the same time, its structure is simple enough to allow a number of exact computations, particularly in the quantum realm, that are impractical in 3+1 dimensions.

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Steven Carlip. 1995-06-29. The (2+1)-Dimensional Black Hole. https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381%2F12%2F12%2F005

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