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Gauge invariance of the dual Meissner effect in QCD

Tsuneo Suzuki·Katsuya Ishiguro·Yoshifumi Nakamura·Toru Sekido
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Abstract

The dual Meissner effect is described and numerically observed in a gauge-invariant way in lattice Monte-Carlo simulations of pure SU(2) QCD. A gauge-invariant Abelian-like field strength is defined in terms of a unit-vector in color space which is constructed by a non-Abelian field strength itself. A gauge-invariant monopole-like quantity is defined by a violation of the Bianchi identity with respect to the Abelian-like field strength. The squeezing of the non-Abelian electric field $\sqrt{\sum_a(E^a_i)^2}$ between a pair of static quark and anti-quark occurs due to the solenoidal current coming from the gauge-invariant monopole-like quantity. An equation similar to the dual London equation is confirmed approximately in the long-range region.

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Tsuneo Suzuki, Katsuya Ishiguro, Yoshifumi Nakamura, Toru Sekido. 2005-11-15. Gauge invariance of the dual Meissner effect in QCD. https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-lat/0511025

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