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How many family-independent, independent U(1)'s, can we gauge?

William A. Ponce·John F. Zapata·Daniel E. Jaramillo.
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Abstract

In the context of SU(3)_c x SU(2)_L x [U(1)]^n, SU(3)_c x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x [U(1)]^n' and SU(3)_c x SU(3)_L x[U(1)]^n'', we analyze the possible values for n, n' and n''. That is, we look for the number of family-independent, independent abelian hypercharges that can be gauged in each one of those models. We find that n=n'=1 for the minimal fermion content, but n can take any value if we add the right-handed neutrino field to each family in the Standard Model.

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William A. Ponce, John F. Zapata, Daniel E. Jaramillo.. 2001-02-12. How many family-independent, independent U(1)'s, can we gauge?. https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0102142

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