arXiv2026
The pomeron topological cross-section is derived for the eikonal and the $U$-matrix unitarization schemes using a generalized representation of the scattering amplitude at high energy in an effort to examine pomeron characteristics, namely the multiplicity distribution, fluctuation, and correlation, and to reveal the impact of pomeron weights on the $pp$ multiplicity distribution. The results demonstrate that the $U$-matrix inherently incorporates a larger amount of diffraction production into the multi-pomeron vertices, yielding a larger pomerons' variability regardless of the energy range, while such fluctuations become significant only beyond a specific high-energy threshold in eikonal-like schemes. Most importantly, our findings indicate that within the $U$-matrix scheme, an increase in exchanged pomerons results in more pronounced pomeron correlations and that this correlated resummation plays a key role in enhancing multi-parton collisions. We argue that the choice of unitarization scheme is not arbitrary, as it directly dictates the statistical structure of multi-reggeon exchanges. By reflecting the composite nature of hadrons, rational alternatives to eikonal-like schemes, such as the $U$-matrix, offer a compelling theoretical foundation for modeling high-energy hadronic collisions, provided that specific formulations can be identified that strictly satisfy all mathematical and physical constraints.