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Quark description of the Nambu-Goldstone bosons in the color-flavor locked phase

Kenji Fukushima
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Abstract

We investigate the color-singlet order parameters and the quark description of the Nambu-Goldstone (NG) bosons in the color-flavor locked (CFL) phase. We put emphasis on the NG boson (phason) called ``H'' associated with the $\mathrm{U_B(1)}$ symmetry breaking. We qualitatively argue the nature of H as the second sound in the hydrodynamic regime. We articulate, based on a diquark picture, how the structural change of the condensates and the associated NG bosons occurs continuously from hadronic to CFL quark matter if the quark-hadron continuity is realized. We sharpen the qualitative difference between the flavor octet pions and the singlet phason. We propose a conjecture that superfluid H matter undergoes a crossover to a superconductor with tightly-bound diquarks, and then a crossover to superconducting matter with diquarks dissociated.

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Kenji Fukushima. 2004-09-05. Quark description of the Nambu-Goldstone bosons in the color-flavor locked phase. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.70.094014

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