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arXiv · hep-ph/0408237

Time-varying Quark Masses and Cosmological Axion Energy

S. M. Barr·Bumseok Kyae
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Abstract

The possibility is examined that the masses of the light quarks $u$ and $d$ have varied over the course of the universe's evolution. Such a variation would have an effect on axion cosmology, and can be the basis of a solution of the so-called axion energy problem. If this is the case, a scalar force somewhat weaker than gravity could exist that has a range of order 1 km.

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S. M. Barr, Bumseok Kyae. 2004-08-23. Time-varying Quark Masses and Cosmological Axion Energy. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.71.055006

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